Pyridinium porphyrins and AuNPs mediated bionetworks as SPR signal amplification tags for the ultrasensitive assay of brain natriuretic peptide.

Extension of the self-assembled bionanonetworks into surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay investigation provides an effective signal amplification approach. We fabricated a bionetwork by nucleic acids, organic compounds, and supramolecular gold nanoparticles for ultrasensitive SPR detection of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). The SPR method was developed by a sandwich-type format of aptamer-target-antibody, and the aptamer-modified bionanonetworks induced localized SPR and large refractive index for different concentrations of the target BNP. The linear concentration range and limit of detection were 1-10,000 pg/mL (R2 = 0.9852) and 0.3 pg/mL respectively. The detection recovery was in the range 92.13 to 108.69%. The approach embraces the following main advantages: (1) Cooperative double recognition was realized by calix[4]arenes for amino aptamers and pyridinium porphyrins. (2) The approach provided the specificity for supramolecular-based nanomaterials and a simple synthesis process via the ordered self-assembly under mild conditions. (3) The bionanonetworks endowed the SPR assay with signal amplification and stable determination for trace proteins. Therefore, it is expected that this study may offer a new SPR signal-amplified platform of organic-inorganic bionanonetworks to achieve sensitive, stable, and real-time determination. Graphical abstract Schematic of bionanonetwork based on porphyrin-mediated functionalized gold nanoparticles for SPR signal amplification to quantitatively detect BNP.