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Survival after radiotherapy versus radical cystectomy for primary muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A Swedish nationwide population-based cohort study.

Christel HäggströmHans GarmoXavier de LunaMieke Van HemelrijckKarin SöderkvistFiras AljaberyViveka StröckAbolfazl HosseiniTruls GårdmarkPer-Uno MalmströmStaffan JahnsonFredrik LiedbergLars Holmberg
Published in: Cancer medicine (2019)
Patient selection between the treatments make it difficult to evaluate results from conventionally adjusted and propensity-score matched survival analysis. When taking into account unmeasured confounding by instrumental variable analysis, no differences in survival was found between the treatments for a selected group of patients. Further clinical studies are needed to characterize this group of patients, which can serve as a basis for future comparison studies for treatment recommendations.
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