The agreement of rectal temperature with gingival, ocular and metacarpal pad temperatures in clinically healthy dogs.

Although GT, OT, and MPT were a quick way to estimate BT in dogs, these measurements were not comparable with RT. The GT measurement achieved the best agreement with RT measurement (lowest bias and the highest proportion of measurements within ±0.5°C). The GT could be considered an option for monitoring changes to body temperature in clinically healthy dogs where RT measurement is not possible.