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A tutorial: Laserspray ionization and related laser-based ionization methods for use in mass spectrometry.

Sarah Trimpin
Published in: Mass spectrometry reviews (2023)
This Tutorial is to provide a summary of parameters useful for successful outcomes of laserspray ionization (LSI) and related methods that employ a laser to ablate a matrix:analyte sample to produce highly charged ions. In these methods the purpose of the laser is to transfer matrix-analyte clusters into the gas phase. Ions are hypothesized to be produced by a thermal process where emitted matrix:analyte gas-phase particles/clusters are charged and loss of matrix from the charged particles leads to release of the analyte ions into the gas phase. The thermal energy responsible for the charge-separation process is relatively low and not necessarily supplied by the laser; a heated inlet tube linking atmospheric pressure with the first vacuum stage of a mass spectrometer is sufficient. The inlet becomes the "ion source", and inter alia, pressure, temperature, and the matrix, which can be a solid, liquid, or combinations, become critical parameters. Injecting matrix:analyte into a heated inlet tube using laser ablation, a shockwave, or simply tapping, all produce the similar mass spectra. Applications are provided that showcase new opportunities in the field of mass spectrometry.
Keyphrases
  • mass spectrometry
  • gas chromatography
  • liquid chromatography
  • high resolution
  • type diabetes
  • ionic liquid
  • aqueous solution
  • glycemic control
  • solar cells
  • electron transfer