New Insights into the Understanding of Mechanisms of Radiation-Induced Heart Disease.
Kai-Xuan WangCong YeXu YangPing MaChen YanLan LuoPublished in: Current treatment options in oncology (2023)
Cancer patients who receive high-dose thoracic radiotherapy may develop radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). The clinical presentation of RIHD comprises coronary artery atherosclerosis, valvular disease, pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, and conduction defects. These complications have significantly reduced due to the improved radiotherapy techniques. However, such methods still could not avoid heart radiation exposure. Furthermore, people who received relatively low-dose radiation exposures have exhibited significantly elevated RIHD risks in cohort studies of atomic bomb survivors and occupational exposures. The increased potential in exposure to natural and artificial ionizing radiation sources has emphasized the necessity to understand the development of RIHD. The pathological processes of RIHD include endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, fibrosis, and hypertrophy. The underlying mechanisms may involve the changes in oxidative stress, DNA damage response, telomere erosion, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic regulation, circulation factors, protein post-translational modification, and metabolites. This review will discuss the recent advances in the mechanisms of RIHD at cellular and molecular levels.
Keyphrases
- radiation induced
- high dose
- low dose
- oxidative stress
- radiation therapy
- dna damage response
- coronary artery
- pulmonary hypertension
- heart failure
- air pollution
- atrial fibrillation
- pulmonary artery
- human health
- cardiovascular disease
- early stage
- young adults
- drinking water
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- locally advanced
- type diabetes
- induced apoptosis
- single molecule
- aortic valve
- amino acid
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- signaling pathway
- rectal cancer
- small molecule
- heat shock protein