Potential Molecular Targets of Oleanolic Acid in Insulin Resistance and Underlying Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review.
Ángel Fernández-AparicioMaria Correa-RodríguezJosé María CastellanoJacqueline Schmidt-RioValleJavier S PeronaEmilio González-JiménezPublished in: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpene widely found in olive leaves that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing properties, among others. These OA characteristics could be of special interest in the treatment and prevention of insulin resistance (IR), but greater in-depth knowledge on the pathways involved in these properties is still needed. We aimed to systematically review the effects of OA on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the development of IR and underlying oxidative stress in insulin-resistant animal models or cell lines. The bibliographic search was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and CINHAL databases between January 2001 and May 2022. The electronic search produced 5034 articles but, after applying the inclusion criteria, 13 animal studies and 3 cell experiments were identified, using SYRCLE's Risk of Bias for assessing the risk of bias of the animal studies. OA was found to enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, and was found to suppress the hepatic glucose production, probably by modulating the IRS/PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway and by mitigating oxidative stress through regulating MAPK pathways. Future randomized controlled clinical trials to assess the potential benefit of OA as new therapeutic and preventive strategies for IR are warranted.
Keyphrases
- signaling pathway
- pi k akt
- oxidative stress
- insulin resistance
- induced apoptosis
- knee osteoarthritis
- type diabetes
- anti inflammatory
- cell cycle arrest
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- clinical trial
- dna damage
- glycemic control
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- diabetic rats
- adipose tissue
- high fat diet
- metabolic syndrome
- cell proliferation
- blood glucose
- skeletal muscle
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- case control
- healthcare
- double blind
- public health
- phase ii
- single cell
- human health
- risk assessment
- cell therapy
- phase iii
- high fat diet induced
- stem cells
- placebo controlled
- bone marrow
- machine learning
- climate change
- optical coherence tomography