Extracellular micro/nanovesicles rescue kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Saeed FarzamfarAkram HasanpourNiloufar NazeriHengameh RazaviMajid SalehiShilan ShafeiVajiheh T NooshabadiAhmad VaezArian EhteramiHamed SahrapeymaJafar AiPublished in: Journal of cellular physiology (2019)
Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical challenge that is highly resistant to treatment, and its high rate of mortality is alarming. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of ARF. Especially IRI is implicated in kidney transplantation and can determine graft survival. Although the exact pathophysiology of renal IRI is unknown, the role of inflammatory responses has been elucidated. Because mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have strong immunomodulatory properties, they are under extensive investigation as a therapeutic modality for renal IRI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an integral role in cell-to-cell communication. Because the regenerative potential of the MSCs can be recapitulated by their EVs, the therapeutic appeal of MSC-derived EVs has dramatically increased in the past decade. Higher safety profile and ease of preservation without losing function are other advantages of EVs compared with their producing cells. In the current review, the preliminary results and potential of MSC-derived EVs to alleviate kidney IRI are summarized. We might be heading toward a cell-free approach to treat renal IRI.
Keyphrases
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- kidney transplantation
- cell free
- mesenchymal stem cells
- cell therapy
- single cell
- oxidative stress
- stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- bone marrow
- umbilical cord
- liver failure
- human health
- cardiovascular events
- risk assessment
- climate change
- signaling pathway
- respiratory failure
- aortic dissection
- hepatitis b virus
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- density functional theory
- smoking cessation
- molecular dynamics
- replacement therapy