Prenatal smoking, alcohol and caffeine exposure and offspring externalizing disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Elis HaanKirsten E WestmorelandLaura SchellhasHannah M SallisGemma M J TaylorLuisa ZuccoloMarcus R Munafo

Published in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) (2022)

There appears to be no clear evidence to support a causal relationship between maternal prenatal smoking and offspring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Findings with alcohol and caffeine exposures and conduct disorder and oppositional-defiant disorder need more research, using more genetically sensitive designs.

Keyphrases

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
pregnant women
autism spectrum disorder
high fat diet
smoking cessation
alcohol consumption
working memory
air pollution
pregnancy outcomes
birth weight
type diabetes
metabolic syndrome
skeletal muscle
body mass index
weight gain