Assessment of renal volume by 3D VOCAL Ultrasonography method in late-onset growth-restricted fetuses with normal amniotic fluid index.

Although not accompanied by oligohydramnios, and having similar renal vascular resistance as the control group, renal volumes of fetuses with late-onset FGR were still observed lower than the control group. This difference was explained by not decreased blood flow via redistribution but other mechanisms like glomeruli reduction and glomerular apoptosis.