Retinal vasculopathy in children with systemic lupus erythematosus: report of two cases.
Sandesh GuleriaAnkur Kumar JindalDharmagat BhattaraiAniruddha AgarwalBruttendu MoharanaPratap Kumar PatraVishali GuptaDeepti SuriSurjit SinghPublished in: Lupus (2020)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystem disease associated with a variable clinical course. SLE is more severe and is associated with higher mortality in children compared to adults. Eye involvement may be seen in up to a third of patients. Retinal vasculopathy is rare in children with SLE. We report two such cases. Both patients in this series had cotton-wool spots on fundus examination, and fundus fluorescein angiography revealed findings of occlusive micro-angiopathy. These findings are characteristic of lupus retinal vasculopathy. Fundus examination is crucial in diagnosing retinal vasculopathy. All children with SLE must be evaluated in detail to detect any retinal abnormalities and should be managed with aggressive immunosuppression to save their vision.
Keyphrases
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- diabetic retinopathy
- optical coherence tomography
- disease activity
- end stage renal disease
- young adults
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- optic nerve
- rheumatoid arthritis
- prognostic factors
- multiple sclerosis
- computed tomography
- type diabetes
- coronary artery disease
- patient reported outcomes
- cardiovascular disease