Changes in gingivitis and protective factors among adults: A 4-year prospective population-based study.
Barbara R ChristofoliFernando S RiosRicardo S A CostaTassiane P WagnerJoseane GoergenCristina IzquierdoJuliana J JardimMarisa MaltzAlex Nogueira HaasPublished in: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology (2021)
In the studied population, gingivitis reduced over time, with younger age, better oral hygiene, absence of periodontitis and normal weight being found to be protective factors. Smoking was associated with lower levels of gingivitis over time, probably due to its vasoconstrictive effect.