Future treatment of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease.
Mario Gennaro CozzolinoFederico Maffei FaccioliAnila CaraGiulia Boni BrivioFrancesca RivelaPaola CiceriLorenza MagagnoliAndrea GalassiSimona BarbutoSerena SpecialeCarlo MinicucciGiuseppe CiancioloPublished in: Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy (2023)
Even though there is no consensus regarding specific treatment options, we provide the currently available treatment strategies that focus on phosphate balance, correction of vitamin D and vitamin K deficiencies, avoidance of both extremes of bone turnover, normalizing calcium levels and reduction of inflammatory response and the potential and promising therapeutic approaches liketargeting cellular mechanisms of calcification (e.g. SNF472, TNAP inhibitors).Creating novel scores to detect in advance VC and implementing targeted therapies is crucial to treat them and improve the future management of these patients.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- chronic kidney disease
- inflammatory response
- current status
- bone mineral density
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- clinical practice
- climate change
- patient reported outcomes
- toll like receptor
- risk assessment
- quality improvement
- body composition
- combination therapy
- human health