Dual Delivery of TGF-β3 and Ghrelin in Microsphere/Hydrogel Systems for Cartilage Regeneration.
Jianjing LinLi WangJianhao LinQiang LiuPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Articular cartilage (AC) damage is quite common, but due to AC's poor self-healing ability, the damage can easily develop into osteoarthritis (OA). To solve this problem, we developed a microsphere/hydrogel system that provides two growth factors that promote cartilage repair: transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) to enhance cartilage tissue formation and ghrelin synergy TGF-β to significantly enhance the chondrogenic differentiation. The hydrogel and microspheres were characterized in vitro, and the biocompatibility of the system was verified. Double emulsion solvent extraction technology (w/o/w) is used to encapsulate TGF-β3 and ghrelin into microspheres, and these microspheres are encapsulated in a hydrogel to continuously release TGF-β3 and ghrelin. According to the chondrogenic differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro, the concentrations of the two growth factors were optimized to promote cartilage regeneration.
Keyphrases
- transforming growth factor
- mesenchymal stem cells
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- drug delivery
- wound healing
- stem cells
- umbilical cord
- hyaluronic acid
- tissue engineering
- extracellular matrix
- bone marrow
- rheumatoid arthritis
- knee osteoarthritis
- molecularly imprinted
- signaling pathway
- high resolution
- ionic liquid
- solid phase extraction