Remote nongenetic optical modulation of neuronal activity using fuzzy graphene.
Sahil K RastogiRaghav GargMatteo Giuseppe ScopellitiBernardo I PintoJane E HartungSeokhyoung KimCorban G E MurpheyNicholas JohnsonDaniel San RomanFrancisco BezanillaJames F CahoonMichael S GoldMaysamreza ChamanzarTzahi Cohen-KarniPublished in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2020)
The ability to modulate cellular electrophysiology is fundamental to the investigation of development, function, and disease. Currently, there is a need for remote, nongenetic, light-induced control of cellular activity in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) platforms. Here, we report a breakthrough hybrid nanomaterial for remote, nongenetic, photothermal stimulation of 2D and 3D neural cellular systems. We combine one-dimensional (1D) nanowires (NWs) and 2D graphene flakes grown out-of-plane for highly controlled photothermal stimulation at subcellular precision without the need for genetic modification, with laser energies lower than a hundred nanojoules, one to two orders of magnitude lower than Au-, C-, and Si-based nanomaterials. Photothermal stimulation using NW-templated 3D fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG) is flexible due to its broadband absorption and does not generate cellular stress. Therefore, it serves as a powerful toolset for studies of cell signaling within and between tissues and can enable therapeutic interventions.
Keyphrases
- room temperature
- photodynamic therapy
- cancer therapy
- drug delivery
- high speed
- drug release
- high resolution
- gene expression
- single cell
- carbon nanotubes
- stem cells
- physical activity
- genome wide
- cell therapy
- mesenchymal stem cells
- mass spectrometry
- bone marrow
- sensitive detection
- density functional theory
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- case control
- plant growth