A randomized, controlled, clinical study on a new titanium oxide abutment surface for improved healing and soft tissue health.

Abutments with an anodized and nanostructured surface compared with a conventional, machined titanium surface had no significant effect on bacterial colonization and proteolytic activity but were associated with better soft tissue outcomes such as a lower bleeding index at abutment removal and consistently greater height of keratinized mucosa throughout the 2-year follow-up, suggesting improved surface-dependent peri-implant healing and soft tissue health.