Titanium ions form particles that activate and execute interleukin-1β release from lipopolysaccharide-primed macrophages.
Mattias PetterssonP KelkG N BelibasakisD BylundM Molin ThorénA JohanssonPublished in: Journal of periodontal research (2016)
Ti ions form particles that act as secondary stimuli for a proinflammatory reaction.