Chronic non-cancer pain and its association with healthcare use and costs among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea.
Aakash Bipin GandhiJulia F SlejkoEster Villalonga-OlivesEmerson M WickwireAbisola OlopoeniaEberechukwu OnukwughaPublished in: Pain management (2020)
Aim: To evaluate the impact of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) on healthcare use and costs among individuals diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials & methods: Using the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus database, we identified individuals (18-64 years old) during 2007-2014, divided into two groups: OSA + CNCP versus OSA-only. Generalized linear models were used to analyze binary and count outcomes. Results: Relative to OSA-only controls, OSA + CNCP cases had increased odds for inpatient and emergency department visits and higher rates for physician office visits, non-physician outpatient visits, and prescription drug fills. Relative to controls, direct healthcare costs for cases were higher, primarily driven by inpatient and non-physician outpatient visit costs. Conclusion: Relative to OSA-only controls, OSA + CNCP cases displayed increased healthcare use and costs across all points of service.
Keyphrases
- obstructive sleep apnea
- healthcare
- positive airway pressure
- emergency department
- sleep apnea
- primary care
- chronic pain
- mental health
- papillary thyroid
- squamous cell
- pain management
- neuropathic pain
- adverse drug
- type diabetes
- spinal cord
- health information
- metabolic syndrome
- acute care
- skeletal muscle
- drug induced
- young adults
- electronic health record
- weight loss