Polysaccharides and glycolipids of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their induced immune responses.
Yang GongJuan WangBingdong ZhuBingdong ZhuPublished in: Scandinavian journal of immunology (2023)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). The structures of polysaccharides and glycolipids at M. tuberculosis cell wall vary among different strains, which affect the physiology and pathogenesis of mycobacteria by activating or inhibiting innate and acquired immunity. Among them, some components such as lipomannan (LM) and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) activate innate immunity by recognizing some kinds of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) like Toll-like receptors, while other components like mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) could prevent innate immune responses by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and maturation of phagosomes. In addition, many glycolipids can activate natural killer T (NKT) cells and CD1-restricted T cells to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Furthermore, humoral immunity against cell wall components, such as antibodies against LAM, plays a role in immunity against M. tuberculosis infection. Cell wall polysaccharides and glycolipids of M. tuberculosis have potential applications as antigens and adjuvants for novel TB subunit vaccines.
Keyphrases
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- cell wall
- immune response
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- dendritic cells
- signaling pathway
- toll like receptor
- induced apoptosis
- escherichia coli
- emergency department
- high resolution
- oxidative stress
- hepatitis c virus
- cell proliferation
- risk assessment
- high glucose
- inflammatory response
- cell death
- hiv infected
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- water soluble
- human immunodeficiency virus
- pi k akt
- endothelial cells
- mass spectrometry
- cell cycle arrest
- human health
- protein kinase
- stress induced