The Frequency of Asthma and its Related Factors: Results of The Enrolment Phase of Tabari Cohort Study.

IntroductionA large portion of the world's population has asthma. This study aimed to ascertain asthma prevalence and related factors in the Tabari cohort study (TCS).MethodsThe TCS included 10,255 35-70-year-olds from urban and mountainous Sari (northern Iran) between June 2015 and November 2017. Education, occupation, domicile, socioeconomic position, history of psychiatric disorders, smoking (including hookah smoking), opium usage, and daily physical activity level were determined.ResultsThe final analysis included 9939 individuals. The asthma rate was 7.4%. Multiple factors increased asthma risk, according to statistical analysis. These factors included being female (OR, 1.337; 95% CI, 1.142 to 1.565), retired (OR, 1.553; 95%, 1.205 to 2.002), living in the city (OR, 1.268; 95%, 1.083 to 1.484), using opioids (OR, 1.689; 95%, 1.299 to 2.197), having lower socioeconomic status (SES) (OR, 0.723; 95% Cl, 0.579 to 0.903), history of psychiatric disorders (OR, 2.313; 95% CI, 1.826 to 2.930), and aged 60 to 70 (OR, 2.325; 95% CI, 1.765 to 3.064), and BMI above 30 kg/m2 (OR, 1.499; 95% CI, 1.220 to 1.841). Several factors increased asthma probability in multivariate regression analysis. These factors include being female (OR = 1.389, P = 0.015), ages between 60 and 70 (OR = 2.034, P < 0.001), using opioids (OR = 1.940, P < 0.001), lower SES (OR = 0.738, P = 0.012), history of psychiatric disorders (OR = 2.035, P < 0.001), BMI above 30 kg/m2 (OR = 1.518, P < 0.001), and being a smoker (OR = 1.337, P = 0.056).ConclusionThis study has identified that the prevalence of asthma in the Tabari cohort group is high. In addition, it was demonstrated that various factors are related to asthma.