Tissue Temperature Increases by a 10 kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation System: Phantom and Bioheat Model.

Adantchede Louis ZannouNiranjan KhadkaMohamad FallahRadDennis Q TruongBrian H KopellMarom Bikson

Published in: Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society (2019)

Heating of spinal tissues by this 10 kHz SCS system theoretically increases quickly with stimulation level and load impedance, while dampened by IPG pulse bandwidth and voltage compliance limitations. If validated in vivo as a mechanism of kHz SCS, bioheat models informed by IPG limitations allow prediction and optimization of temperature changes.

Keyphrases

high frequency
spinal cord
spinal cord injury
neuropathic pain
gene expression
blood pressure
dual energy
computed tomography
magnetic resonance imaging
contrast enhanced