Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: How to Deal with This Chameleon.
Giovanni De LucaFabrizio OlivaMaurizio Giuseppe AbrignaniStefania Angela Di FuscoMauro GoriSimona GiubilatoRoberto CeravoloPier Luigi TemporelliStefano CornaraCarmelo Massimiliano RaoGiorgio CarettaAndrea PozziGiulio BinaghiAlessandro MalobertiConcetta Di NoraIrene Di MatteoAnna PilleriSandro GelsominoCarmine RiccioMassimo GrimaldiFurio ColivicchiMichele Massimo GuliziaPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2024)
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by a notable heterogeneity in both phenotypic and pathophysiological features, with a growing incidence due to the increase in median age and comorbidities such as obesity, arterial hypertension, and cardiometabolic disease. In recent decades, the development of new pharmacological and non-pharmacological options has significantly impacted outcomes, improving clinical status and reducing mortality. Moreover, a more personalized and accurate therapeutic management has been demonstrated to enhance the quality of life, diminish hospitalizations, and improve overall survival. Therefore, assessing the peculiarities of patients with HFpEF is crucial in order to obtain a better understanding of this disorder. Importantly, comorbidities have been shown to influence symptoms and prognosis, and, consequently, they should be carefully addressed. In this sense, it is mandatory to join forces with a multidisciplinary team in order to achieve high-quality care. However, HFpEF remains largely under-recognized and under-treated in clinical practice, and the diagnostic and therapeutic management of these patients remains challenging. The aim of this paper is to articulate a pragmatic approach for patients with HFpEF focusing on the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of HFpEF.
Keyphrases
- arterial hypertension
- clinical practice
- quality improvement
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- palliative care
- risk factors
- chronic kidney disease
- ejection fraction
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- weight loss
- clinical trial
- prognostic factors
- single cell
- study protocol
- weight gain
- patient reported outcomes
- high fat diet induced
- coronary artery disease
- mass spectrometry
- free survival
- patient reported
- health insurance