Chronic rhinosinusitis precipitated by tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors is the phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps.

CRSαi exhibits structured histopathology more similar to CRSsNP. In the appropriate clinical context, it may be reasonable that the medical regimen for these patients be focused on a more antineutrophilic, macrolide-based approach. This study provides insight into the inflammatory environment of patients with CRSαi and may have implications for disease management.