Patient-derived tumor organoids for personalized medicine in a patient with rare hepatocellular carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a case report.

The rapid establishment of patient-derived tumor organoids allows in vitro drug testing and thereby personalized treatment choices, however clinical translation remains a challenge. To the best of our knowledge, this report provides a first proof-of-principle for using organoids for personalized medicine in this rare subtype of primary liver cancer.