Periodontal Disease in Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study in Smokers and Non-Smokers.

Emese BattancsDorottya GheorghitaSzabolcs NyiratyCsaba LengyelGabriella EördeghZoltán BaráthTamás VárkonyiMárk Ádám Antal

Published in: Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders (2020)

Smoking damages the periodontium of even healthy individuals, but the damage is multiplied in a smoker who has DM, even though the effect of DM alone on periodontium health is relatively mild. Our results suggest a synergy between DM and smoking in terms of damage to the periodontal tissues, but the limited sample size of this study does not allow any hard conclusion to be drawn.

Keyphrases

smoking cessation
glycemic control
oxidative stress
public health
healthcare
gene expression
mental health
type diabetes
health information
risk assessment
insulin resistance
human health
adipose tissue