Variability of the Positive Predictive Value of PI-RADS for Prostate MRI across 26 Centers: Experience of the Society of Abdominal Radiology Prostate Cancer Disease-focused Panel.
Antonio C WestphalenCharles E McCullochJordan M AnaokarSandeep AroraNimrod S BarashiJelle O BarentszTharakeswara K BathalaLeonardo K BittencourtMichael T BookerVaughn G BraxtonPeter R CarrollDavid D CasalinoSilvia D ChangFergus V CoakleyRavjot DhattSteven C EberhardtBryan R FosterAdam T FroemmingJurgen J FüttererDhakshinamoorthy GaneshanMark R GertnerLori Mankowski GettleSangeet GhaiRajan T GuptaMichael E HahnRoozbeh HoushyarCandice KimChan Kyo KimChandana LallDaniel J A MargolisStephen E McRaeAytekin OtoRosaleen B ParsonsNayana U PatelPeter A PintoThomas J PolascikBenjamin SpilsethJuliana B StarcevichVaraha S TammisettiSamir S TanejaIsmail Baris TurkbeySadhna VermaJohn F WardChristopher A WarlickAndrew R WeinbergerJinxing YuRonald J ZagoriaAndrew B RosenkrantzPublished in: Radiology (2020)
Background Prostate MRI is used widely in clinical care for guiding tissue sampling, active surveillance, and staging. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) helps provide a standardized probabilistic approach for identifying clinically significant prostate cancer. Despite widespread use, the variability in performance of prostate MRI across practices remains unknown. Purpose To estimate the positive predictive value (PPV) of PI-RADS for the detection of high-grade prostate cancer across imaging centers. Materials and Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study was compliant with the HIPAA. Twenty-six centers with members in the Society of Abdominal Radiology Prostate Cancer Disease-focused Panel submitted data from men with suspected or biopsy-proven untreated prostate cancer. MRI scans were obtained between January 2015 and April 2018. This was followed with targeted biopsy. Only men with at least one MRI lesion assigned a PI-RADS score of 2-5 were included. Outcome was prostate cancer with Gleason score (GS) greater than or equal to 3+4 (International Society of Urological Pathology grade group ≥2). A mixed-model logistic regression with institution and individuals as random effects was used to estimate overall PPVs. The variability of observed PPV of PI-RADS across imaging centers was described by using the median and interquartile range. Results The authors evaluated 3449 men (mean age, 65 years ± 8 [standard deviation]) with 5082 lesions. Biopsy results showed 1698 cancers with GS greater than or equal to 3+4 (International Society of Urological Pathology grade group ≥2) in 2082 men. Across all centers, the estimated PPV was 35% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27%, 43%) for a PI-RADS score greater than or equal to 3 and 49% (95% CI: 40%, 58%) for a PI-RADS score greater than or equal to 4. The interquartile ranges of PPV at these same PI-RADS score thresholds were 27%-44% and 27%-48%, respectively. Conclusion The positive predictive value of the Prostate Imaging and Reporting Data System was low and varied widely across centers. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Milot in this issue.
Keyphrases
- prostate cancer
- radical prostatectomy
- contrast enhanced
- magnetic resonance imaging
- high resolution
- healthcare
- high grade
- diffusion weighted imaging
- computed tomography
- electronic health record
- big data
- middle aged
- artificial intelligence
- palliative care
- ultrasound guided
- lymph node
- machine learning
- mass spectrometry
- low grade
- social media
- cancer therapy
- health information
- fine needle aspiration
- pain management
- photodynamic therapy
- pulmonary embolism
- fluorescence imaging
- health insurance
- data analysis
- dual energy
- quantum dots
- benign prostatic hyperplasia
- childhood cancer