Modulating Helix-Preference of an Axially-Twisted Molecular Scaffold Through Diastereomeric Salt Formation with Tartaric Acid Stereoisomers.

Herein, we designed a chiral, axially-twisted molecular scaffold (ATMS) using pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide (PDC) unit as pivot, chiral trans-cyclohexanediamine (CHDA) residues as linkers, and pyrene residues as fluorescent reporters. R,R-ATMS exclusively adopted M-helicity and produced differential response in UV-vis, fluorescence, and NMR upon addition of tartaric acid (TA) stereoisomers allowing naked-eye detection and enantiomeric content determination. Circular dichroism (CD) profile of R,R-ATMS underwent unique changes during titration with TA stereoisomers - while loss of CD signal at 345 nm was observed with equimolar D-TA and meso-TA, inversion was seen with equimolar L-TA. Temperature increase weakened these interactions to partially recover the original CD signature of R,R-ATMS. 2D NMR studies also indicated the significant structural changes in R,R-ATMS in the solution state upon addition of L-TA. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) studies on the crystals of the R,R-ATMS⊃D-TA salt revealed the interacting partners stacked in arrays and ATMS molecules stabilized by π-π stacking between its PDC and pyrene residues. Contrastingly, tightly-packed supramolecular cages comprised of four molecules each of R,R-ATMS and L-TA were seen in R,R-ATMS⊃L-TA salt, and the ATMS molecules contorted to achieve CH-π interactions between its pyrene residues. These results may have implications in modulating the helicity of topologically-similar larger biomolecules.