Fecal Stream Diversion Changes Intestinal Environment, Modulates Mucosal Barrier, and Attenuates Inflammatory Cells in Crohn's Disease.

Fecal stream diversion reduced the abundance and diversity of intestinal bacteria. It also altered the intestinal mucosal barrier, similar to the alterations observed in germ-free animals. In patients with Crohn's disease, Th1 and Th17 cell numbers were attenuated, which suggests that the host-microbiome interaction is important in disease pathogenesis.