Dietary Habits and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Can Diet Influence Disease Development and Clinical Manifestations?
Chiara GioiaBruno LucchinoMaria Grazia TarsitanoCristina IannuccelliManuela Di FrancoPublished in: Nutrients (2020)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, autoimmune disease characterized by joint involvement, with progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Genetic and environmental factors determine RA susceptibility. In recent years, an increasing number of studies suggested that diet has a central role in disease risk and progression. Several nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, present anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, featuring a protective role for RA development, while others such as red meat and salt have a harmful effect. Gut microbiota alteration and body composition modifications are indirect mechanisms of how diet influences RA onset and progression. Possible protective effects of some dietary patterns and supplements, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MD), vitamin D and probiotics, could be a possible future adjunctive therapy to standard RA treatment. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle and nutrition have to be encouraged in patients with RA.
Keyphrases
- rheumatoid arthritis
- disease activity
- physical activity
- body composition
- ankylosing spondylitis
- weight loss
- interstitial lung disease
- anti inflammatory
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- bone mineral density
- multiple sclerosis
- resistance training
- cardiovascular disease
- systemic sclerosis
- gene expression
- postmenopausal women
- mesenchymal stem cells
- stem cells
- soft tissue
- molecular dynamics