The causes of adverse changes of testosterone levels in men.
Michał WrzosekJakub WoźniakDariusz WłodarekPublished in: Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism (2020)
Many factors, including external, environmental and internal factors, influence testosterone levels. Undoubtedly, nutritional deficiency, and particularly of such nutrients as zinc, magnesium, vitamin D, together with low polyphenols intake, affects the HPG axis. The levels of mental and oxidative stress can also adversely impact the axis. Hence, a diagnosis of the cause of disturbance in testosterone levels depends on many factors and requires a broad range of research, as well as a change of patients' lifestyle.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- replacement therapy
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- metabolic syndrome
- newly diagnosed
- mental health
- cardiovascular disease
- physical activity
- peritoneal dialysis
- body mass index
- type diabetes
- emergency department
- weight loss
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- induced apoptosis
- middle aged
- patient reported outcomes
- signaling pathway