Floor and ceiling effects on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in patients with Parkinson's disease in Brazil.
Brenda Hanae Bentes KoshimotoPedro Renato de Paula BrandÃoVanderci BorgesHenrique Ballalai FerrazArtur Francisco Schumacher SchuhCarlos Roberto de Mello RiederMaira Rozenfeld OlchikIgnacio Fernandez MataVitor TumasBruno Lopes Dos Santos-LobatoPublished in: Dementia & neuropsychologia (2023)
The floor and ceiling effects are present in specific domains of the MoCA in Brazil, with a strong impact on education. Further adaptations of the MoCA structure for underrepresented populations may reduce these negative effects.