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Cigarette consumption and biomarkers of nicotine exposure during pregnancy and postpartum.

Taraneh TaghaviChristopher A ArgerSarah H HeilStephen T HigginsRachel Fynvola Tyndale
Published in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) (2018)
Neither cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) nor cotinine provides an accurate estimate of nicotine exposure during pregnancy. CPD underestimates nicotine intake substantially due to under-reporting and/or higher intensity of smoking, while cotinine underestimates nicotine intake markedly due to accelerated nicotine (and cotinine) metabolism during pregnancy.
Keyphrases
  • smoking cessation
  • replacement therapy
  • high intensity
  • weight gain
  • physical activity