The Association Between the License Fee Increase and The Density of Tobacco Retailers in California - A Segmented Interrupted Time Series Analysis by Income and Race/Ethnicity.

•This study used the single group segmented interrupted time series analysis to assess the association between the licensing fee increase and tobacco retailer densities by neighborhood income and race/ethnicity.•We found that this licensing fee increase was associated with reduced retailer densities and the total number of active retailers right after the implementation.yWe further found that the annual licensing fee policy had a continuous effect in reducing tobacco retailer densities in all zip codes.•The impacts of increasing licensing fees were more pronounced in low-income and majority Black zip codes.