Neuronal Cell Differentiation of iPSCs for the Clinical Treatment of Neurological Diseases.
Dong-Hun LeeEun Chae LeeJi Young LeeMan-Ryul LeeJae-Won ShimJae-Sang OhPublished in: Biomedicines (2024)
Current chemical treatments for cerebrovascular disease and neurological disorders have limited efficacy in tissue repair and functional restoration. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) present a promising avenue in regenerative medicine for addressing neurological conditions. iPSCs, which are capable of reprogramming adult cells to regain pluripotency, offer the potential for patient-specific, personalized therapies. The modulation of molecular mechanisms through specific growth factor inhibition and signaling pathways can direct iPSCs' differentiation into neural stem cells (NSCs). These include employing bone morphogenetic protein-4 ( BMP-4 ), transforming growth factor-beta ( TGFβ ), and Sma-and Mad-related protein (SMAD) signaling. iPSC-derived NSCs can subsequently differentiate into various neuron types, each performing distinct functions. Cell transplantation underscores the potential of iPSC-derived NSCs to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and points to future research directions for optimizing differentiation protocols and enhancing clinical applications.
Keyphrases
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- transforming growth factor
- growth factor
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- neural stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- signaling pathway
- cerebral ischemia
- cell therapy
- cell cycle arrest
- single cell
- mesenchymal stem cells
- current status
- cell death
- bariatric surgery
- pi k akt
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- risk assessment
- weight loss
- blood brain barrier
- embryonic stem cells
- smoking cessation