A Review of MnO 2 Composites Incorporated with Conductive Materials for Energy Storage.

Manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) has been widely used in the field of energy storage due to its high specific capacitance, low cost, natural abundance, and being environmentally friendly. However, suffering from poor electrical conductivity and high dissolvability, the performance of MnO 2 can no longer meet the needs of rapidly growing technological development, especially for the application as electrode material in metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors. In this review, recent studies on the development of binary or multiple MnO 2 -based composites with conductive components for energy storage are summarized. Firstly, general preparing methods for MnO 2 -based composites are introduced. Subsequently, the binary and multiple MnO 2 -based composites with carbon, conducting polymer, and other conductive materials are discussed respectively. The improvement in their performance is summarized as well. Finally, perspectives on the practical applications of MnO 2 -based composites are presented.