Nerve Growth Factor and Autoimmune Diseases.
Sergio TerracinaGiampiero FerragutiLuigi TaraniFrancesca FanfarilloPaola TirassaMassimo RalliGiannicola IannellaAntonella PolimeniMarco LucarelliAntonio GrecoMarco FiorePublished in: Current issues in molecular biology (2023)
NGF plays a crucial immunomodulatory role and increased levels are found in numerous tissues during autoimmune states. NGF directly modulates innate and adaptive immune responses of B and T cells and causes the release of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters controlling the immune system activation in inflamed tissues. Evidence suggests that NGF is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous immune diseases including autoimmune thyroiditis, chronic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, mastocytosis, and chronic granulomatous disease. Furthermore, as NGF levels have been linked to disease severity, it could be considered an optimal early biomarker to identify therapeutic approach efficacy. In conclusion, by gaining insights into how these molecules function and which cells they interact with, future studies can devise targeted therapies to address various neurological, immunological, and other disorders more effectively. This knowledge may pave the way for innovative treatments based on NGF manipulation aimed at improving the quality of life for individuals affected by diseases involving neurotrophins.
Keyphrases
- growth factor
- multiple sclerosis
- immune response
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- gene expression
- induced apoptosis
- drug induced
- healthcare
- rheumatoid arthritis
- cell cycle arrest
- current status
- disease activity
- toll like receptor
- oxidative stress
- blood brain barrier
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- case control
- systemic sclerosis
- brain injury