Chemical Composition, Antibacterial Properties, and Anti-Enzymatic Effects of Eucalyptus Essential Oils Sourced from Tunisia.
Sana KhedhriFlavio PolitoLucia CaputoVincenzo De FeoMarwa KhamassiOumayama KochtiLamia HamrouniYassine MabroukFilomena NazzaroFlorinda FratianniIsmail AmriPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
This study was conducted to examine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) from six Tunisian Eucalyptus species and to evaluate their anti-enzymatic and antibiofilm activities. The EOs were obtained through hydro-distillation of dried leaves and subsequently analyzed using GC/MS. The main class of compounds was constituted by oxygenated monoterpenes, particularly prominent in E. brevifolia (75.7%), E. lehmannii (72.8%), and E. woollsiana (67%). Anti-enzymatic activities against cholinesterases, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. Notably, the E. brevifolia , E. extensa , E. leptophylla , E. patellaris , and E. woollsiana EOs displayed potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (IC 50 : 0.25-0.60 mg/mL), with E. lehmannii exhibiting lower activity (IC 50 : 1.2 mg/mL). E. leptophylla and E. brevifolia showed remarkable α-amylase inhibition (IC 50 : 0.88 mg/mL), while E. brevifolia and E. leptophylla significantly hindered α-glucosidase (IC 50 < 30 mg/mL), distinguishing them from other EOs with limited effects. Additionally, the EOs were assessed for their anti-biofilm properties of Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes ) and Gram-negative ( Acinetobacter baumannii , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli ) bacterial strains. The E. extensa EO demonstrated the main antibiofilm effect against E. coli and L. monocytogenes with an inhibition > 80% at 10 mg/mL. These findings could represent a basis for possible further use of Eucalyptus EOs in the treatment of human microbial infections and/or as a coadjutant in preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease and/or diabetes mellitus.
Keyphrases
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- gram negative
- multidrug resistant
- acinetobacter baumannii
- escherichia coli
- staphylococcus aureus
- biofilm formation
- drug resistant
- hydrogen peroxide
- cystic fibrosis
- listeria monocytogenes
- endothelial cells
- molecular docking
- microbial community
- nitric oxide
- type diabetes
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- high resolution
- adipose tissue
- anti inflammatory
- candida albicans
- simultaneous determination
- molecular dynamics simulations
- glycemic control
- induced pluripotent stem cells