Disruption of blood-brain barrier: effects of HIV Tat on brain microvascular endothelial cells and tight junction proteins.
Yuqing SunMiaotian CaiYing LiangYulin ZhangPublished in: Journal of neurovirology (2023)
Although the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has prolonged the life span of people living with HIV (PLWH), the incidence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in PLWH is also gradually increasing, seriously affecting the quality of life for PLWH. However, the pathogenesis of HAND has not been elucidated, which leaves HAND without effective treatment. HIV protein transactivator of transcription (Tat), as an important regulatory protein, is crucial in the pathogenesis of HAND, and its mechanism of HAND has received widespread attention. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its cellular component brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) play a necessary role in protecting the central nervous system (CNS), and their damage associated with Tat is a potential therapeutic target of HAND. In this review, we will study the Tat-mediated damage mechanism of the BBB and present multiple lines of evidence related to BMVEC damage caused by Tat.
Keyphrases
- blood brain barrier
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv infected
- hiv positive
- human immunodeficiency virus
- hiv aids
- endothelial cells
- cerebral ischemia
- hiv infected patients
- hepatitis c virus
- hiv testing
- oxidative stress
- transcription factor
- bipolar disorder
- resting state
- multiple sclerosis
- working memory
- south africa
- amino acid
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- binding protein
- high glucose
- replacement therapy