The role of obesity on urinary incontinence and anal incontinence in women: a review.
Stergios K DoumouchtsisJemina LoganathanVasileiοs PergialiotisPublished in: BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology (2021)
Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide, with significant healthcare implications. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library for articles registered until June 2020 to explore the relationship between obesity and urinary (UI) and anal incontinence (AI). Obesity is associated with low-grade, systemic inflammation and proinflammatory cytokine release, producing reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. This alters collagen metabolism and, in combination with increased intra-abdominal pressure, contributes to the development of UI. Whereas in AI, stool consistency may be a factor. Weight loss can reduce UI and should be a management focus; however, the effect of weight loss on AI is less clear.
Keyphrases
- weight loss
- bariatric surgery
- urinary incontinence
- low grade
- roux en y gastric bypass
- insulin resistance
- metabolic syndrome
- gastric bypass
- high grade
- healthcare
- weight gain
- oxidative stress
- artificial intelligence
- high fat diet induced
- type diabetes
- reactive oxygen species
- glycemic control
- obese patients
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- risk factors
- body mass index
- pregnant women
- dna damage
- signaling pathway
- social media