Synthesis, aphicidal activity and conformation of novel insect kinin analogues as potential eco-friendly insecticides.

Insect kinin analogues derived from lead II-1 by modifying the hydrolysis site Yaa3 with natural, sterically hindered α- and β-amino acids showed great potential as eco-friendly insecticides. Inspiringly, the most active analogue IV-3 can be a candidate for further development. The β-turn-like conformation and the orientation of the aromatic rings of the side chain of Phe2 and Trp4 may be critical factors beneficial to activity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.