Thyroid nodule recognition using a joint convolutional neural network with information fusion of ultrasound images and radiofrequency data.

• Raw radiofrequency signals before ultrasound imaging of thyroid nodules provide useful information that is not carried by ultrasound images. • The information carried by raw radiofrequency signals and ultrasound images for thyroid nodules is complementary. • The performance of deep convolutional neural network for diagnosing thyroid nodules can be significantly improved by fusing US images and RF signals in the model as compared with just using US images.