Universal renaissance strategy of metal fluoride in secondary ion batteries enabled by liquid metal gallium.

All-solid-state alkali ion batteries represent a future trend in battery technology, as well as provide an opportunity for low-cost metal fluoride electrode materials, if certain intrinsic problems can be resolved. In this work, we proposed a liquid metal activation strategy in which liquid Ga elements were generated in situ and doped into the LiF crystal structure by introducing a small amount of GaF 3 . Benefiting from these two Ga states of existence, in which the liquid metal Ga could continuously maintain conformable ion/electron transport networks, while the doped Ga in the LiF crystal structure catalyzed Li-F splitting, the lithium-ion storage capacity of MnF 2 significantly increased by 87%. A similar effect could be obtained in FeF 3 , where the sodium-ion storage capacity was enhanced by 33%. This universal strategy with few restrictions could be used to realize a complete renaissance of metal fluorides, as well as offer an opportunity for the new application of liquid metals in the field of energy storage. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.