Genetic and phenotypic links between obesity and extracellular vesicles.
Ranran ZhaiLu PanZhijian YangTing LiZheng NingYudi PawitanJames F WilsonDi WuXia ShenPublished in: Human molecular genetics (2022)
Obesity has a highly complex genetic architecture, making it difficult to understand the genetic mechanisms, despite the large number of discovered loci via genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Omics techniques have provided a better resolution to view this problem. As a proxy of cell-level biology, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are useful for studying cellular regulation of complex phenotypes such as obesity. Here, in a well-established Scottish cohort, we utilized a novel technology to detect surface proteins across millions of single EVs in each individual's plasma sample. Integrating the results with established obesity GWAS, we inferred 78 types of EVs carrying one or two of 12 surface proteins to be associated with adiposity-related traits such as waist circumference. We then verified that particular EVs' abundance is negatively correlated with body adiposity, while no association with lean body mass. We also revealed that genetic variants associated with protein-specific EVs capture 2-4-fold heritability enrichment for blood cholesterol levels. Our findings provide evidence that EVs with specific surface proteins have phenotypic and genetic links to obesity and blood lipids, respectively, guiding future EV biomarker research.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- weight gain
- metabolic syndrome
- weight loss
- genome wide
- high fat diet induced
- type diabetes
- body mass index
- single cell
- adipose tissue
- skeletal muscle
- copy number
- dna methylation
- cell therapy
- stem cells
- small molecule
- physical activity
- mesenchymal stem cells
- microbial community
- genome wide association study
- bone mineral density
- antibiotic resistance genes