Improved Alere Determine Lipoarabinomannan Antigen Detection Test for the Diagnosis of Human and Bovine Tuberculosis by Manipulating Urine and Milk.
Juan Ignacio GarcíaHolden V KelleyJohanna MeléndezRosa Alejandra Alvarez de LeónAlejandra CastilloSabeen SidikiKizil A YusoofElizabete NunesCesar López TéllezCarlos Rodolfo Mejía-VillatoroJanet IkedaAlberto L García-BasteiroShu-Hua WangJordi B TorrellesPublished in: Scientific reports (2019)
Tuberculosis (TB) disease still kills 1-person every 21-seconds. Few TB diagnostic tests are considered truly appropriate for point of care settings. The WHO-endorsed immunodiagnostic Alere Determine Lipoarabinomannan Ag-test (LAM-test) detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex LAM in urine, and its use is recommended for TB diagnosis among HIV co-infected individuals with low CD4 T-cell counts. Here we found that a simple 15-minute enzymatic treatment at room temperature of LAM-spiked urine with α-mannosidase (for human TB), and LAM-spiked milk with combined lactase and caseinase (for bovine TB), enhanced 10-fold the detection levels of the LAM-test and thus, improved the detection of LAM by the LAM-test in urine and milk that otherwise could be missed in the field. Future separate clinical research studies specifically designed to address the potential of these findings are required.
Keyphrases
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- room temperature
- endothelial cells
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- hiv aids
- real time pcr
- label free
- emergency department
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- hepatitis c virus
- human immunodeficiency virus
- hiv infected
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv positive
- quantum dots
- hiv testing
- men who have sex with men
- risk assessment
- climate change
- adverse drug
- smoking cessation