Comprehensive Review Regarding Mercury Poisoning and Its Complex Involvement in Alzheimer's Disease.
Emanuela PaduraruDiana IacobViorica RarincaAngelica RusuRoxana JijieOvidiu-Dumitru IlieAlin CiobicaMircea Nicusor NicoaraOvidiu Dumitru IliePublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Mercury (Hg) is considered one of the most widespread toxic environmental pollutants, which seems to have multiple effects on organisms even at low concentrations. It has a critical role in many health problems with harmful consequences, with Hg primarily targeting the brain and its components, such as the central nervous system (CNS). Hg exposure was associated with numerous CNS disorders that frequently trigger Alzheimer's disease (AD). Patients with AD have higher concentrations of Hg in blood and brain tissue. This paper aims to emphasize a correlation between Hg and AD based on the known literature in the occupational field. The outcome shows that all these concerning elements could get attributed to Hg. However, recent studies did not investigate the molecular level of Hg exposure in AD. The present review highlights the interactions between Hg and AD in neuronal degenerations, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial malfunctions, gastrointestinal (GI) microflora, infertility and altering gene expression.
Keyphrases
- fluorescent probe
- oxidative stress
- aqueous solution
- gene expression
- living cells
- mental health
- healthcare
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- systematic review
- cell death
- white matter
- resting state
- type diabetes
- cerebral ischemia
- adipose tissue
- multiple sclerosis
- drug delivery
- diabetic rats
- cell proliferation
- climate change
- multidrug resistant
- brain injury
- cell cycle arrest
- subarachnoid hemorrhage