Both Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Are Associated With Lower Heart Rate Variability: The Maastricht Study.
Charlotte CoopmansTan Lai ZhouRonald M A HenryJordi HeijmanNicolaas C SchaperAnnemarie KosterMiranda T SchramCarla J H van der KallenAnke WesseliusRobert J A den EngelsmanHarry J G M CrijnsCoen D A StehouwerPublished in: Diabetes care (2020)
Both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes were independently associated with lower HRV. This is further substantiated by independent continuous associations between measures of hyperglycemia and lower HRV. These data strongly suggest that cardiac autonomic dysfunction is already present in prediabetes.