Multiscale Structured Trimetal Oxide Heterojunctions for Urinary Metabolic Phenotype-Dependent Screening of Early and Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Fangying ShiLiuxin NingNianrong SunQunyan YaoChun-Hui DengPublished in: Small methods (2024)
Developing a standardized screening tool for the detection of early and small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through urinary metabolic analysis poses a challenging yet intriguing research endeavor. In this study, a range of intricately interlaced 2D rough nanosheets featuring well-defined sharp edges is fabricated, with the aim of constructing diverse trimetal oxide heterojunctions exhibiting multiscale structures. By carefully engineering synergistic effects in composition and structure, including improved adsorption, diffusion, and other surface-driven processes, the optimized heterojunctions demonstrate a substantial enhancement in signal intensity compared to monometallic or bimetallic oxides, as well as fragmented trimetallic oxides. Additionally, optimal heterojunctions enable the extraction of high-quality urinary metabolic fingerprints using high-throughput mass spectrometry. Leveraging machine learning, discrimination of HCC patients from high-risk and healthy populations achieves impressive performance, with area under the curve values of 0.940 and 0.916 for receiver operating characteristic and precision-recall curves, respectively. Six crucial metabolites are identified, enabling accurate detection of early, small-tumor, alpha-fetoprotein-negative HCC (93.3%-97.3%). A comprehensive screening strategy tailored to clinical reality yields precision metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score) exceeding 95.0%. This study advances the application of cutting-edge matrices-based metabolic phenotyping in practical clinical diagnostics.
Keyphrases
- high throughput
- machine learning
- mass spectrometry
- high resolution
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- artificial intelligence
- liquid chromatography
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- ms ms
- peritoneal dialysis
- gold nanoparticles
- deep learning
- single cell
- patient reported outcomes
- cancer therapy
- drug delivery
- big data
- smoking cessation
- reduced graphene oxide
- patient reported
- virtual reality
- aqueous solution
- visible light