Levels of inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, CCL4, and PD-L1 in CSF differentiate idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus from neurodegenerative diseases.

Madelene BraunGustaf BoströmMartin IngelssonLena KilanderMalin LöwenmarkDag NyholmJoachim BurmanValter NiemeläEva FreyhultKim KultimaJohan Virhammar

Published in: Fluids and barriers of the CNS (2023)

The inflammatory cytokines MCP-1 and CCL4 are present at higher-and PD-L1 at lower-levels in iNPH than in the other investigated diagnoses. These three selected cytokines may have diagnostic potential in the work-up of patients with iNPH.

Keyphrases

liver fibrosis
liver injury
cerebrospinal fluid
subarachnoid hemorrhage
risk assessment
drug induced
atomic force microscopy
human health
mass spectrometry
climate change
high resolution
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