Emerging and re-emerging swine coronaviruses (CoVs), including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome-CoV (SADS-CoV), cause severe diarrhea in neonatal piglets, and CoV infection is associated with significant economic losses for the swine industry worldwide. Reverse genetics systems realize the manipulation of RNA virus genome and facilitate the development of new vaccines. Thus far, five reverse genetics approaches have been successfully applied to engineer the swine CoV genome: targeted RNA recombination, in vitro ligation, bacterial artificial chromosome-based ligation, vaccinia virus -based recombination, and yeast-based method. This review summarizes the advantages and limitations of these approaches; it also discusses the latest research progress in terms of their use for virus-related pathogenesis elucidation, vaccine candidate development, antiviral drug screening, and virus replication mechanism determination.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- dna damage
- dna repair
- irritable bowel syndrome
- emergency department
- drug induced
- liver failure
- gene expression
- clostridium difficile
- early onset
- intensive care unit
- genome wide
- hepatitis b virus
- cancer therapy
- drug delivery
- dna methylation
- mass spectrometry
- molecularly imprinted
- copy number
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- aortic dissection