Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of the postbiotic supplement urolithin A predicts its bioavailability is orders of magnitudes lower than concentrations that induce toxicity, but also neuroprotective effects.

We established a first PBPK model for UA. It enables prediction of systemic UA concentrations and is critical for extrapolating in vitro results to in vivo uses. Results support the safety of UA, but also challenge the potential for readily achieving beneficial effects by postbiotic supplementation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.