Depression is a prevalent mental disorder, but the side effects of antidepressants also make depressed patients resistant. Effective and safe antidepressants should be developed from traditional herbs, with the aim of reducing the side effects of antidepressants and improving the efficacy of drugs. In this study, the new macamide compound-4 (NMC-4) was synthesized for the first time, addressing the problem of difficult extraction, isolation, and low content of natural macamide. NMC-4 was characterized using mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infrared spectroscopy. The protective effect of NMC-4 against cell injury was demonstrated to be stronger than that of natural macamide (N-benzylhexadecanamide, XA) using a PC12 cell injury model. The study explored the effects of NMC-4 on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive symptoms. NMC-4 significantly improved depressive-like behaviors. NMC-4 ameliorated CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors by mitigating neuroinflammation and modulating the NF-κB/Nrf2 and BDNF/PI3K/Akt pathways.
Keyphrases
- stress induced
- depressive symptoms
- pi k akt
- signaling pathway
- magnetic resonance
- major depressive disorder
- mass spectrometry
- lps induced
- drug induced
- end stage renal disease
- single cell
- bipolar disorder
- oxidative stress
- traumatic brain injury
- ejection fraction
- cell proliferation
- cell therapy
- chronic kidney disease
- high resolution
- mental health
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- cognitive impairment
- magnetic resonance imaging
- ms ms
- mesenchymal stem cells
- mouse model
- cell cycle arrest
- liquid chromatography
- bone marrow
- patient reported outcomes
- cell death
- heat stress
- simultaneous determination
- tandem mass spectrometry
- high performance liquid chromatography
- gas chromatography